Bentazone Environmental Fate and Metabolic pathway

Soil. Under aerobic conditions, Bentazone was reported to degrade to 6- and 8-hydrox ybentazone compounds. In addition, anthranilic acid and isopropylamide were reported as soil hydrolysis products (Otto et al., 1978). Persistence in soil is less than 6 weeks (Hartley and Kidd, 1987). Bentazone is readily adsorbed onto organic carbon and therefore, is not expected to leach to groundwater (Abernathy and Wax, 1973). The dissipation half life of bentazone in field soil is 5 days (Ross et al., 1989).

Plant. Undergoes hydroxylation of the aromatic ring and subsequent conju-gation in plants (Otto et al., 1978; Hartley and Kidd, 1987) forming 6- and 8-hydroxybentazone compounds (Otto et al., 1978). The half-life in and/or on plants is 2–3 days (

Photolytic. Humburg et al. (1989) reported that 30% degradation of bentazone on glass plates occurred when exposed to UV light (λ = 200–400 nm); however, no photoproduct(s) were reported. The natural sunlight and simulated sunlight irradiation of

Chiron et al. (1995) investigated the photodegradation of Bentazone (20 μg/L) in distilled water and Ebro River water using an xenon arc irradiation. In distilled water, bentazone completely disappeared after 16 hours of irradiation. Photodegradation appeared to follow pseudo-first-order kinetics with a half-life of about 2.5 hours. The presence of humic substances (4 mg/L) increased the rate of photodegradation and the disappearance of bentazone was achieved in 8 hours. No significant breakdown photoproducts were identified.

Metabolic pathway
14C-Bentazone degrades in soils under conventional tillage and no-tillage (3-18 years) with varying histories of bentazon application. The half-life for bentazon degradation ranges from 4.6 to 49.5 days; half-lives for some no-tillage soils with the longest histories of application are lower than those of conventional tillage soils. Half-lives for soils with no bentazon history are 3-11 times higher than the half- lives of those previously exposed to bentazon. N- Methylbentazon is the most consistently observed metabolite. The other metabolites identified in soils result from hydroxylation on the phenyl ring and the cleavage of the benzothiadiazine ring, yielding 6- and 8-hydroxybentazons and anthranilic acid via 2-amino-N-isopropylbenzamide.

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